Liz Truss replaced Boris Johnson as leader and became PM on 6 September then resigned 45 days later.
With her support, finance minster Kwasi Kwarteng unveiled £45bn of tax cuts in her third week.
But it was widely blamed for reducing the value of the pound and panicked financial markets.
Almost all of it has now been reversed – and Kwarteng was sacked as chancellor.
In relation to Liz Truss resignation, it is obvious there will now be another leadership election to decide who becomes the next Conservative leader and prime minister.
The contest to replace her is expected to be completed by the end of next week.
Would-be candidates need at least 100 nominations from fellow Tory MPs to get on the ballot, meaning no more than three of them will be able to stand because there are 357 Tory MPs.
In practice, there are likely to be two candidates; or even one, who would become leader without a vote by party members.
No-one has yet confirmed that they will stand, but here are some of the potential candidates.
Rishi Sunak
Rishi Sunak ran to replace Boris Johnson as leader earlier this summer and made it to the final two along with Ms Truss, having won the most support from Conservative MPs.
During the campaign he warned that his rival’s tax plans would damage the economy, but his message failed to appeal to party members and he lost by 21,000 votes.
Mr Sunak only became an MP in 2015, for the North Yorkshire constituency of Richmond. Few outside Westminster had heard of him, but he was chancellor of the exchequer by February 2020.
Penny Mordaunt
Penny Mordaunt had a taste of being prime minister earlier this week when she stood in for Liz Truss during an urgent question in Parliament.
She received good reviews for her confident performance at the despatch box and may fancy another tilt at the leadership.
She stood in the last contest, and secured strong support from her fellow MPs but just missed out on making it to the final two.
After backing Ms Truss, she was appointed leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Privy Council – which meant she presided over the Accession Council for the new king.
In 2019, Ms Mordaunt made history by becoming the UK’s first female defence secretary – a natural fit for a naval reservist who had already served as armed forces minister under David Cameron.
Ms Mordaunt has so far received support from MPs John Lamont, Maria Miller, Bob Seely and Damian Collins.
Boris Johnson
With just a week to choose a new leader, many of the contenders are likely to be familiar faces, and none more so than the man who was prime minister just weeks ago.
Boris Johnson was forced to announce his resignation in July, after a mass revolt by ministers and MPs. It followed months of rows over Downing Street lockdown parties and other controversies, including his appointment of Chris Pincher as deputy chief whip, despite being aware of a formal complaint about the MP’s “inappropriate behaviour”.
The MP for Uxbridge faces an investigation by the Privileges Committee into whether he obstructed the Commons by telling MPs that lockdown rules had been followed at No 10. He and others were subsequently fined for Covid breaches.
However, he still has allies both in Parliament and the party membership in general. Long-term supporter Nadine Dorries has argued he should return, as he received a mandate from the British public in the 2019 election.
Other MPs who have already come out in favour of Mr Johnson returning to No 10 include: Paul Bristow, Brendan Clarke-Smith, Andrea Jenkyns and Michael Fabricant.
Ben Wallace
While many leading Tories divide opinion within the party, the defence secretary is widely seen by fellow MPs as a safe pair of hands.
Mr Wallace has drawn increasing attention since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as the UK made an early decision to support Kyiv with weapons and training.
Despite his opposition to Brexit, Mr Wallace has been a key supporter of Boris Johnson and was rewarded with a cabinet post in 2019.
Kemi Badenoch
Kemi Badenoch was the surprise breakthrough candidate of the most recent leadership race – and although she didn’t win, the contest helped significantly boost her profile.
Although a relatively junior minister, she won the support of senior Conservative Michael Gove, and drew attention for her attacks on so-called “woke” culture.
Born in Wimbledon, south London, she grew up in the US and Nigeria, where her psychology professor mother had lecturing jobs.
Suella Braverman
The former home secretary’s resignation piled the pressure on Liz Truss, and the prime minister stood down less than 24 hours later. Although Ms Braverman’s departure was ostensibly about a data breach, her angry resignation letter hinted at a disagreement over immigration.
Ms Braverman has sought to appeal to her party’s right wing on social issues, saying it is her “dream” to begin transporting migrants to Rwanda, as well as criticising the “tofu-eating wokerati”.
The former barrister is a Brexit supporter who was attorney general in Boris Johnson’s government. She stood in the last leadership contest following his resignation but was voted out in the second round.
